Titanium Mining

Sands and ore containing titanium will be ectracted forming
titanium sponge.
Sponge usually appears as porous lumps which are melted to an ingot.
Good quality ingots often are repeatedly melted so that you find in the
market "double melted" or "multiple melted titanium materialo.

Big titanium deposits in the form of prime ores you will find,
for example, in China, the United States of America, Canada,
but also in Europe, here mainly in the countries of Scaninavia.

In the field of titanium containing minerals you will find

Anatas, consisting of TiO₂
Brookit, consisting of TiO₂
Ilmenit, consisting of FeO and TiO₂
Perowskit, consisting of CaO and TiO₂
Pyrophanit, consisting of MnO and TiO₂
Rutil, consisting of TiO₂
Sphen, consisting of CaO, TiO₂ and SiO₂
Titanit, consisting of CaO, TiO₂ and SiO₂

Frequently titanium is produced from the base material
Rutil
because it is available in nature as pure TiO₂.

In opposite to this advantage may be named Ilmenit where you first
have to separate Fe and Ti caused by its high Fe-level.
Up to our knowlede these efforts are only done in regions where
Rutil cannot be get at all.

At higher temperatures titanium shows a very high affinity
to oxygen, carbon and hydrogen what causes some pull-ups in
production technology. The necessary precautions to exclusde
these unwanted substances, paired with long and highly engery-
intensive processes are the unavoidable main reasons which lead
to relatively high price levels
when it comes to applications using titanium material.